The formal failure and social success of logic

Is formal logic a failure? It may be, if we accept the context-independent limits imposed by Russell, Frege, and others. In response to difficulties arising from such limitations I present a Toulmin-esque social recontextualization of formal logic. The results of my project provide a positive view of formal logic as a success while simultaneously reaffirming the social and contextual concerns of argumentation theorists, critical thinking scholars, and rhetoricians

Letter from William M. Brooke to James B. Finley

A letter from the grandson of Finley -- Billy Brooke. This one contains a request for a position -- preferably in the Book Room where his brother Charles plans to work. Billy states that he would work a little cheaper than Charles, but not by much. Abstract Number - 986https://digitalcommons.owu.edu/finley-letters/1970/thumbnail.jp

Letter from William M. Brooke to James B. Finley

Grandson Billy writes that he and the family are all well. He is not learning much in school -- neither geography nor grammar. His brother Charles is planning to move to Castine (Darke County) in the spring. Abstract Number - 309https://digitalcommons.owu.edu/finley-letters/1509/thumbnail.jp

Putting the Pieces Together: How Librarians at Campbell University Use the Cephalonian and Jigsaw Methods to Teach Information Literacy

Teaching college freshmen in a library session can be a challenge. Campbell University has adapted 2 teaching techniques for use in their bibliographic instruction session. The Cephalonian method is used with the English 100 class as a means to link library locations and information literacy services together. The students in this class are usually those who need a little extra help getting up to college standards. The librarians use the Jigsaw method with the English 102 students. The students in this class are required to write about literature, and need to be able to find scholarly literary criticism using library resources. The Jigsaw method is an interactive means of getting the students actively involved in the library session. This presentation shows how the librarians adapted their lesson plans to make them work with these different teaching methods

Electrocoagulation as a Pretreatment for Electroxidation of \u3cem\u3eE. coli\u3c/em\u3e

Insufficient funding and operator training, logistics of chemical transport, and variable source water quality can pose challenges for small drinking water treatment systems. Portable, robust electrochemical processes may offer a strategy to address these challenges. In this study, electrocoagulation (EC) and electrooxidation (EO) were investigated using two model surface waters and two model groundwaters to determine the efficacy of sequential EC-EO for mitigating Escherichia coli. EO alone (1.67 mA/cm2, 1 min) provided 0.03 to 3.9 logs mitigation in the four model waters. EC alone (10 mA/cm2, 5 min) achieved ≥1 log E. coli mitigation in all model waters. Sequential EC-EO did not achieve greater mitigation than EC alone. To enhance removal of natural organic matter, the initial pH was decreased. Lower initial pH (pH 5–6) improved E. coli mitigation during both stages of EC-EO. EC-EO also had slightly greater E. coli mitigation than EC alone at lower pH. However, EO alone provided more energy efficient E. coli mitigation than either EC or EC-EO

Determination of Trace Silicone Contamination on Composites by Quantitative XPS and LIBS

Surface treatment and surface characterization techniques are critical to ensure that adherends are chemically activated and free of contaminants prior to adhesive bonding. Silicone contamination from mold-release agents and other sources can interfere with interfacial bonding, decreasing the durability and performance of bonded composite structures. Tools and methods are needed that can be used in a production environment to reliably detect low levels of contaminants in a rapid, simple, and cost-effective manner to improve bond reliability. In this work, surface characterization of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites was performed using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and the results were compared with those obtained from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The objective was to investigate the ability to quantify the surface species measured by LIBS since it offers many advantages over XPS in terms of ease of use, sample preparation, and real-time results. The as-processed CFRP panels had trace surface silicone contamination from the fabrication process, the source of which was not investigated. The composites were laser treated at select average laser power levels, resulting in varying levels of contamination reduction. The Si atomic percentage measurements using XPS were conducted both before and after laser ablation. The XPS results were compared with those obtained from LIBS to assess the reliability of each technique for surface contaminant characterization. The results showed an excellent correlation in Si atomic concentration between the two techniques

Operational enhancements to improve applicability for challenging cell lines in the Sanofi Intensified Perfusion Platform (IPeP)

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Chain Community Pharmacists\u27 Willingness, Attitudes, and Barriers in Providing Self-Care Medication and Supplement Recommendations

BACKGROUND: Pharmacists are commonly called on as the first resource for patients when selecting an appropriate self-care medication or supplement. This study examines pharmacists’ over-the-counter (OTC) recommendations in the chain community pharmacy setting in the United States. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to assess chain community pharmacists’ willingness and attitudes to provide self-care recommendations to patients and to identify chain community pharmacists’ barriers to making OTC medication and supplement recommendations. METHODS: An anonymous survey was created to identify pharmacists’ attitudes and their willingness to perform these recommendations. The questionnaire included specific questions to identify barriers that exist to making OTC recommendations. The survey was distributed by fax and email to 527 pharmacists in the Mid-South regional district of a U.S. grocery chain pharmacy. Descriptive statistics were used to identify demographic trends and display results. RESULTS: Pharmacists are overwhelmingly willing to provide OTC recommendations (100%) and see it as an important part of community practice (99%). The greatest barriers were time/prescription volume (94%) and staffing demands (78%). The greatest need for education was in the areas of eye/ear care and vitamins/herbal products. CONCLUSIONS: The results affirmed pharmacists’ willingness and overall positive attitude to providing OTC medication counseling in the community pharmacy setting. The research uniquely identified barriers that pharmacists experience when attempting to make OTC recommendations. This information can be used not only for the implementation of patient care services targeting self-care needs but also in the application of general community pharmacy practice

Coprescription of Isotretinoin and Systemic Corticosteroids for Acne: An Analysis of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey

Introduction: Isotretinoin treatment has been linked to flares of severe acne, which can be managed by the coadministration of systemic corticosteroids or prevented by beginning with a low dose of isotretinoin. To our knowledge, there are no estimates in the literature on the frequency of coprescription of isotretinoin and systemic corticosteroids. Objectives: We sought to quantify the estimated frequency of coprescription of isotretinoin and systemic corticosteroids and assess trends of the use of isotretinoin with systemic corticosteroids for acne as they relate to age, sex, race, insurance, and provider specialty. Methods: Data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) from 2003 to 2015, National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey Hospital Outpatient Departments (NHAMCS-OPD) from 2003 to 2011, and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey Hospital Emergency Departments (NHAMCS-ED) from 2003 to 2014 were aggregated for this analysis. The number of prescriptions for isotretinoin and/or systemic corticosteroids was estimated by specialty (for NAMCS) and by survey type (for NHAMCS-OPD and NHAMCS-ED). Results: Among all first visits to a physician for acne (n=18,914,096), approximately 3.9 percent prescribed isotretinoin, 0.24 percent prescribed corticosteroids, and the remaining 96 percent prescribed neither drug. This was comparable to estimates for first visits to a dermatologist for acne (n=13,920,913), where approximately 4.2 percent prescribed isotretinoin, 0.32 percent prescribed corticosteroids, and the remaining 95 percent prescribed neither medication. Conclusion: Currently, isotretinoin and systemic corticosteroids are rarely prescribed together